About CEL-SCI

CEL-SCI Corporation (CEL-SCI) operates as a clinical-stage biotechnology company. CEL-SCI focuses on the development of the following product candidates and technologies: Multikine, an investigational immunotherapy under development for the potential treatment of certain head and neck cancers; and L.E.A.P.S. (Ligand Epitope Antigen Presentation System) technology, or LEAPS, with several product candidates under development for the potential treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The company focuses on finding the best way to activate the immune system to fight cancer and infectious diseases. The company has announced results from its Phase III study for its lead investigational therapy, Multikine (Leukocyte Interleukin, Injection), involving head and neck cancer, for which it has received Orphan Drug Status from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Unlike other immune therapies, Multikine is administered locally at the site of the tumor as a first line treatment right after diagnosis, before surgery and radiation. CEL-SCI is also investigating a peptide-based immunotherapy (CEL-4000) as a vaccine for rheumatoid arthritis using its LEAPS technology platform. CEL-SCI is in the process of completing pre-IND studies for CEL-4000. Multikine CEL-SCI's lead investigational therapy, Multikine, is being developed as a potential therapeutic agent directed at using the immune system to produce an anti-tumor immune response. Data from CEL-SCI's clinical trials suggest that Multikine may help the immune system see the tumor and then attack it, enabling the body's own anti-tumor immune response to fight the tumor. Multikine is the trademark that CEL-SCI has registered for this investigational therapy, and this proprietary name is subject to review by the FDA, in connection with CEL-SCI's future anticipated regulatory submission for approval in the United States. Multikine is an immunotherapy product candidate consists of a patented defined mixture of 14 human natural cytokines. Multikine is designed to be used in a different way than cancer immunotherapy is generally being used. For example, in the Phase III clinical trial, Multikine was injected locally around the tumor and near the adjacent draining lymph nodes for three weeks, five days a week as a first treatment before surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. In clinical studies of Multikine, administration of the investigational therapy to head and neck cancer patients has demonstrated the potential for lesser or no appreciable toxicity. The first indication CEL-SCI is pursuing for its investigational drug product candidate Multikine is an indication for the neoadjuvant therapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, or SCCHN (hereafter also referred to as advanced primary head and neck cancer). In October 2023, CEL-SCI presented a poster at the European Society for Medical Oncology (EMSO) annual Congress that reported three major new advancements supporting Multikine's approvability: First, Multikine is most effective in patients having tumors with low PD-L1 expression, consisting of about 70% of the study population; Second, the Multikine target population can now be readily identified upon diagnosis, prior to surgery, using tests that physicians routinely use in cancer screenings; and Third, Multikine patients in the target population saw a significant increase in 5-year overall survival, from 45% for control patients who did not receive Multikine to 73% for Multikine-treated patients. Ultimately, the decision as to whether CEL-SCI's drug product candidate is safe and effective can only be made by the FDA and/or by other regulatory authorities based upon an assessment of all of the data from an entire drug development program submitted as part of an application for marketing approval. Development Agreements for Multikine CEL-SCI has an agreement with Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., or Teva, that gives Teva the exclusive right and license to market, distribute and sell Multikine, if approved, in Israel and Turkey for the treatment of head and neck cancer. The agreement terminates on a country-by-country basis 10 years after the product launch in each country or upon a material breach or upon bankruptcy of either party. The agreement will automatically extend for additional two-year terms unless either party gives notice of its intent not to extend the agreement. If CEL-SCI develops Multikine for other oncology indications and Teva indicates a desire to participate, the parties have agreed to negotiate in good faith with respect to Teva's participation and contribution in future clinical trials. Pursuant to the agreement, it is CEL-SCI's responsibility to supply Multikine and Teva's responsibility to sell Multikine, if approved by regulatory authorities in the relevant countries. Net sales will be divided 50/50 between the two parties. Teva also initially agreed to fund certain activities relating to the conduct of a clinical trial in Israel as part of the global Phase III trial for Multikine. In July 2011, Serbia and Croatia were added to Teva's territory, pursuant to a joinder agreement between CEL-SCI and PLIVA Hrvatska d.o.o., or PLIVA, an affiliate of Teva's, subject to similar terms as described above. In January 2012, pursuant to an assignment and assumption agreement between CEL-SCI, Teva and GCP Clinical Studies Ltd., or GCP, Teva transferred all of its rights and obligations concerning the Phase III trial in Israel to GCP. CEL-SCI has an agreement with Orient Europharma Co., Ltd., or Orient Europharma, of Taiwan. Pursuant to this agreement, as amended, Orient Europharma has the exclusive marketing and distribution rights to Multikine, if approved by regulatory authorities, for head and neck cancer, naso-pharyngeal cancer and potentially cervical cancer indications in Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, the Philippines, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. CEL-SCI has granted Orient Europharma the first right of negotiation with respect to Thailand and China. CEL-SCI has a licensing agreement with Byron Biopharma LLC, or Byron, under which CEL-SCI granted Byron an exclusive license to market and distribute Multikine in the Republic of South Africa, if approved. This license will terminate 20 years after marketing approval in South Africa or after the bankruptcy or uncured material breach by either party. After the 20-year period has expired, the agreement will be automatically extended for successive two year periods, unless either party gives notice of its intent not to extend the agreement. Pursuant to the agreement, Byron will be responsible for registering Multikine in South Africa. If Multikine is approved for sale in South Africa, CEL-SCI will be responsible for manufacturing the product, while Byron will be responsible for sales in South Africa. Sales revenues will be divided equally between CEL-SCI and Byron. LEAPS CEL-SCI's patented T-cell Modulation Process, referred to as LEAPS (Ligand Epitope Antigen Presentation System), uses heteroconjugates to direct the body to choose a specific immune response. LEAPS is designed to stimulate the human immune system to more effectively fight bacterial, viral and parasitic infections, as well as autoimmune conditions, allergies, transplantation rejection and cancer, when it cannot do so on its own. LEAPS combines T-cell binding ligand peptides with small, disease associated, peptide antigens and may provide a new method to treat and prevent certain diseases. LEAPS Candidates: CEL-2000, CEL-4000 and DerG-PG275(Cit) (aka, CEL-5000) In September 2017, CEL-SCI announced that it had been awarded a Phase 2 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), which is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). This grant provided funding to allow CEL-SCI to advance its first LEAPS product candidate, CEL-4000, towards an Investigational New Drug (IND) application for a Phase 1 safety study, by funding IND enabling studies and additional mechanism of action studies, among other preclinical development activities. In May 2019, CEL-SCI announced that a newly discovered LEAPS conjugate acts alone and can complement CEL-4000 therapeutically when administered in combination to an animal model of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). This new LEAPS conjugate appears to act on T cell pathways by a new mechanism that is different from the pathways used by the CEL-4000 vaccine. Intellectual Property On June 30, 2023, CEL-SCI filed a new patent application for Multikine based on novel findings from the Phase III study. This new application covers the use of Multikine for certain cancers, such as oral cavity and soft-palate tumors, that do not respond well to the use of checkpoint inhibitors in treatment. Multikine is protected by a U.S. patent, which is a composition-of-matter patent issued in May 2005 that, in its current format, expires in 2023. Additional composition-of-matter patents for Multikine have been issued in Japan (issued in November 2012 and currently set to expire in 2025) and three in Europe (issued in September 2015, May 2016 and October 2017, currently set to expire in 2025 and 2026). The most recent patent issued in October 2017, patent # EP 1 879 618 B1, titled A Method for Modulating HLA Class II Tumor Cell Surface Expression With A Cytokine Mixture, addresses Multikine's mechanism of action to make tumors more visible to the immune system. This new patent is important because, along with the other Multikine issued patents, it addresses how Multikine enables the immune system to recognize and attack the tumor. One way tumor cells evade the immune system is by expressing human leukocyte antigens (HLA) on the tumor cell surface, thus appearing as 'self' to the immune cells and therefore the tumor cells are not attacked. It is important to note that the tumors of the Multikine-treated best responders in CEL-SCI's prior Phase II studies had no HLA Class II expressed on the cell surface following Multikine treatment as compared to controls. This points to Multikine's ability to modulate HLA expression on the tumor cell surface, thereby allowing the immune system to recognize and attack the tumor. In addition to the patents that offer certain protections for Multikine, the method of manufacture for Multikine, a complex biological product, is held by CEL-SCI as a trade secret. CEL-SCI considers this to be its best protection from competitors. LEAPS is protected by patents in the United States issued between January 2019 and June 2021. The LEAPS patents, which expire between 2027 and 2032, include overlapping claims, with composition of both matter (new chemical entity), process and methods-of-use, to maximize and extend the coverage in their current format. One issued U.S. application is a joint application with Northeast Ohio Medical University (Neoucom) and CEL-SCI will share the ability to use the patent, unless CEL-SCI licenses the rights to the patent from Neoucom. In October 2017 and October 2020, patents were issued in Europe for LEAPS, which expire in 2029 and 2034, respectively. CEL-SCI has five patent applications pending in the United States for LEAPS, which, if issued, would extend protection through 2040, subject to any potential patent term extensions. As of December 8, 2023, there were no contested proceedings and/or third party claims with respect to CEL-SCI's patents or patent applications. Government Regulation The FDA and other regulatory authorities at federal, state and local levels and in foreign countries extensively regulate, among other things, the research, development, testing, manufacture, quality control, import, export, safety, effectiveness, labeling, packaging, storage, distribution, record keeping, approval, advertising, promotion, marketing and post-approval monitoring and reporting of biologics such as those CEL-SCI is developing. Multikine has received Orphan Drug Status from the FDA. CEL-SCI's promotional and scientific/educational programs must comply with the anti-kickback provisions of the Social Security Act, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the False Claims Act, the Physician Payments Sunshine Act, the Veterans Health Care Act, and similar state laws. History CEL-SCI Corporation was founded in 1983. The company was incorporated in 1983 in the state of Colorado.